IGF-1 peptide is a small protein hormone consisting of 70 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 7649 Da. It has a similar structure to insulin, with two polypeptide chains (A and B) connected by two disulfide bonds. The A chain contains 21 amino acids and the B chain contains 43 amino acids.
The three-dimensional structure of IGF-1 peptide is complex and involves a number of different interactions between the A and B chains. The A chain forms a helical structure, while the B chain forms a beta-sheet structure. The two chains are connected by a hinge region that allows IGF-1 peptide to bind to its receptor.
The IGF-1 receptor is a transmembrane protein that consists of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The alpha subunits contain the IGF-1 binding sites, while the beta subunits contain the tyrosine kinase activity. When IGF-1 peptide binds to its receptor, it causes the receptor to autophosphorylate. This activates the receptor’s tyrosine kinase activity, which leads to the phosphorylation of other proteins.
The phosphorylation of these proteins triggers a signaling cascade that leads to cell growth, division, and differentiation. IGF-1 peptide also promotes the synthesis of proteins, which are essential for building and repairing tissues.
The IGF-1 peptide structure is essential for its biological activity. The two polypeptide chains and the hinge region are all required for IGF-1 peptide to bind to its receptor and activate the signaling cascade that leads to cell growth and development.
IGF-1 peptide analogues
Researchers have developed a number of IGF-1 peptide analogues, which are similar to IGF-1 peptide but have some modifications to their structure. These analogues are designed to have improved properties, such as increased potency, longer half-life, and reduced side effects.
One example of an IGF-1 peptide analogue is long-acting IGF-1 (rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 complex). This analogue is a complex of IGF-1 peptide and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). IGFBP-3 is a protein that binds to IGF-1 peptide and prolongs its half-life.
Another example of an IGF-1 peptide analogue is des-1 IGF-1. This analogue is identical to IGF-1 peptide except that it has the first amino acid removed. Des-1 IGF-1 is more potent than IGF-1 peptide and has a longer half-life.
IGF-1 peptide is a small protein hormone that plays an important role in growth and development. It also plays a role in maintaining muscle mass and bone density in adults, and in regulating metabolism and glucose levels. IGF-1 peptide has a complex three-dimensional structure that is essential for its biological activity.
Researchers have developed a number of IGF-1 peptide analogues with improved properties, such as increased potency, longer half-life, and reduced side effects. These analogues are being investigated for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including growth hormone deficiency, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and cancer.
